叶酸800微克 Folic Acid 800mcg

叶酸是一种水溶性B族维生素，孕妇对叶酸的需求量比正常人高4倍。孕早期是胎儿器官系统分化，胎盘形成的关键时期，细胞生长，分裂十分旺盛。此时叶酸缺乏可导致胎儿畸形．如在中国发生率约为3.8‰的神经管畸形，包括无脑儿，脊柱裂等。另外还可能引起早期的自然流产。到了孕中期，孕晚期，除了胎儿生长发育外，母体的血容量，乳房，胎盘的发育使得叶酸的需要量大增。叶酸不足，孕妇易发生胎盘早剥，妊娠高血压综合征，巨幼红细胞性贫血；胎儿易发生宫内发育迟缓，早产和出生低体重，而且这样的胎儿出生后的生长发育和智力发育都会受到影响。

准备受孕之前，准妈妈准爸爸除了基本的戒烟、戒酒之外，还必须保持一份愉快的心情，准备怀孕的女性们，应在怀孕前就开始每天服用400μg的叶酸。美国研究人员调查发现，女性如果在怀孕初期就开始补充叶酸，可降低将来婴儿出现唇裂的几率。另外，怀孕期的准妈妈们，正确地摄取维他命是很重要的，复合维他命（含丰富的维他命A、B6、B12、C、叶酸）和综合矿物质（要含有1000mg的钙、500mg的镁），对预防宝宝的脑部、神经缺陷也非常重要。

生理功能
1）作为体内生化反应中一碳单位转移酶系的辅酶，起着一碳单位传递体的作用。

2）参与嘌呤和胸腺嘧啶的合成，进一步合成DNA和RNA。

3）参与氨基酸代谢，在甘氨酸与丝氨酸、组氨酸和谷氨酸、同型半胱氨酸与蛋氨酸之间的相互转化过程中充当一碳单位的载体。

4）参与血红蛋白及甲基化合物如肾上腺素、胆碱、肌酸等的合成。

叶酸对蛋白质、核酸的合成及各种氨基酸的代谢有重要作用。

参与嘌呤和嘧啶合成:作为辅酶参与核酸合成中嘌呤和嘧啶的形成，在细胞DNA合成中发挥作用。

参与氨基酸相互转化:参与二碳氨基酸和三碳氨基酸相互转化。促进了苯丙氨酸与酪氨酸，组氨酸与谷氨酸，半胱氨酸与蛋氨酸的转化。此外，叶酸还是含铁血红蛋白的组分。

建议用量：通常情况下为400微克，但酗酒、抽烟、口服避孕药或孕期，叶酸需求量会加大。
一般每天需要补充800微克：每天每餐1粒

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Folic acid is part of a group of water soluble B vitamins . It is also known as folacin or folate. The name comes from the Latin word folium - leaf and was first discovered in the 40s extracted from spinach. It should be renewed every day, because the body does not stores it for a long time. Folic acid is very important for women of childbearing age, as low levels can lead to serious consequences for the fetus such as spina bifida. Low levels of folate are associated with an increased risk of heart disease due to the elevated homocysteine. Folic acid deficiency is the most common deficiency of a particular vitamin in the world. Half of its amount in food is lost due to cooking, processing or short-term storage, so it is highly recommended to take folic acid supplements.

Advantages:

Necessary for the production of DNA and RNA
Required for proper cell division and transmission of genetic code to the newly formed cells
important for the production of red blood cells, proteins and certain amino acids
Very important for closing the neural tube during pregnancy, preventing defects such as spina bifida
May affect cervical dysplasia and reduces the need for hysterectomy
Useful for people with depression and / or schizophrenia
Folate, vitamin B12 and vitamin B6 support cognitive ability of older people
Promotes healthy immune system
May reduce the development and progression of atherosclerosis
May affects inflamed gums and gingivitis

Recommended dosage:

The reference values of the diet are 400mcg, though, for people who use alcohol, cigarettes, oral contraceptives or during pregnancy, should be increased.
A typical daily dose is 800 mcg:
Take 1 tablet daily with food.