海关总署2月8日发布数据显示，2015年1月，我国进出口总值为2.09万亿元，同比下降10.8%。其中，出口1.23万亿元，下降3.2%；进口0.86万亿元，下降19.7%；贸易顺差3669亿元，扩大87.5%。
据统计，除大豆进口量增加外，1月份铁矿砂、煤、原油、成品油等主要大宗商品进口量均有所减少，主要进口商品的价格普遍下跌。
上述数据变化，印证了商务部研究院外贸研究所所长李健的判断。他表示，当前整个外需市场依旧疲软，欧洲日本等发达经济体经济的不景气，使得需求保持低迷。而与出口相比，进口的大幅下降，直接带来了贸易顺差的快速扩大。
不过，多位专家均表示，受中国农历春节等因素的影响，节前我国进出口数据对实际需求的反应相对较弱，通常单月数据并不能准确反映出经济运行的真实状况。
“我国外贸企业有节前‘抢时出口’、节后‘进口先行’的经营习惯，这直接导致了1、2月份进出口同比增速的剧烈波动。”海关总署新闻发言人郑跃声表示。
除春节因素外，制造业订单分流、人民币汇率变动等因素也对当前进出口下降产生影响。专家表示，进入3月份以后，春节因素对进出口的影响将逐渐消失，出口的规模将逐步恢复常态。
商务部部长高虎城表示，今年将从进一步推动外贸政策落实、加快与“一带一路”沿线国家贸易发展、推进外贸转型升级基地建设等多个方面推动外贸增长，稳定资源性产品进口、鼓励先进技术设备和关键零部件进口、合理增加一般消费品进口，并着力培育跨境电子商务、市场采购贸易、外贸综合服务企业等外贸新商业模式。
“从长远看，我国外贸已进入低速增长的新常态，但综合优势仍然存在，新的竞争优势正在形成。随着外贸稳增长措施的进一步推进，今年的外贸增速将高于去年。”郑跃声强调说。（中国进出口网）
General Administration of Customs on February 8 released data, in January 2015, China's import and export value was 2.09 trillion yuan, dropping by 10.8 percent. Among them, the export value was 1.23 trillion yuan, decreasing by 3.2 percent; the import value 0.86 trillion yuan, down 19.7%; trade surplus 366.9 billion yuan, expanding 87.5 percent.
According to statistics, soybean imports increased in January, while iron ore, coal, crude oil, refined oil and other main commodity imports volume decreased, and prices of major imported commodities generally fell.
The above data changes confirm the judgment of Ministry of Commerce Foreign Trade Institute Li Jian. He said that the current overall external demand market remains weak. Europe, Japan, and other developed economies remains sluggish. Compared with exports, imports dropped significantly, leading directly to the rapid expansion of trade surplus.
However, many experts said due to the Chinese New Year and other factors, before the holiday, import and export data in response to actual demand is relatively weak, generally monthly data does not accurately reflect the true state of the economy.
"China's foreign trade enterprises always have a habit, that is “hush to export” before holiday and 'import first' after holiday, which led directly to the volatility of year on year growth of imports and exports in January and February." Customs Service spokesman Zheng Yuesheng said.
In addition to the Spring Festival, manufacturing orders diversion, changes in the RMB exchange rate and other factors also have an impact on the current import and export decline. Experts said that in March and later, the Spring Festival factors affecting imports and exports will gradually disappear, the size of exports will gradually return to normal.
Minister of Commerce Gao Hucheng said that this year the government will further promote foreign trade policy implementation, accelerate the trade relationship development with the nations along "one belt one road", promote the transformation and upgrading of foreign trade growth, base construction and foreign trade development, stabilize the source product import, encourage advanced technology equipment and key parts import, reasonably increase the imports of the general consumer goods, and cultivate cross-border e-commerce, market purchase trade, integrated foreign trade enterprises and other new business models.
"In the long run, China's foreign trade has entered a slow growth new normal, but the overall advantage still exists, a new competitive advantage is forming. With further measures to promote steady growth of foreign trade, foreign trade growth this year will be higher than last year’s." Zheng Yuesheng stressed.
